Radiotherapy is a frequently used method in cancer treatment and can give rise to certain side effects depending on the area being treated. Among these effects is hair loss. However, hair loss associated with radiotherapy differs from that observed during chemotherapy. With radiotherapy, hair loss generally occurs only in the area exposed to the radiation. For example, if the treatment is applied to the head, hair loss may be observed on the scalp, whereas radiotherapy applied to another part of the body will not necessarily affect the hair. It is therefore inaccurate to assume that all patients undergoing radiotherapy will lose their hair entirely.
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The extent of hair loss depends on several factors such as the radiation dose administered, the duration of the treatment, the number of sessions, and the structure of each person's hair follicles. In some patients, only a slight reduction in density is observed, whilst others may experience more significant loss. Areas receiving high doses of radiation are generally more affected. During treatment, the scalp may also become more sensitive, dry, or slightly irritated. During this period, it is advisable to avoid harsh hair care, the use of very hot water, and products not recommended by the doctor. Although hair loss is often temporary, a lasting reduction in hair density can sometimes occur.
In Which Area Does Hair Loss Occur During Radiotherapy?
Hair loss associated with radiotherapy generally occurs only in the area being treated by the radiation. When the treatment is applied directly to the head, hair loss may take place on the scalp. Treatments for brain tumours, cancers of the head and neck, or cranial areas are the situations where this loss is most common. By contrast, when radiotherapy is carried out on the chest, abdomen, prostate, or another part of the body, the hair on the scalp is generally not affected. This is because radiotherapy is a localised treatment. The radiation acts only on the targeted area and not on the body as a whole.
In some cases, hair loss remains confined to a specific region. For example, if radiotherapy is directed at the back of the head, only that area may be affected. Facial hair, eyebrows, or eyelashes may also be affected depending on the area exposed to the radiation. The type of equipment used and the intensity of the rays also play an important role in the extent of hair loss. Most patients notice this loss not immediately but after several sessions. Although the severity varies from one person to another, the primary cause remains the temporary weakening of the hair follicles in the irradiated area.
Do All Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy Lose Their Hair?
Not all patients undergoing radiotherapy experience hair loss. Whether this loss occurs depends primarily on the region being treated. When radiotherapy is not applied to the head, the hair is generally unaffected. The radiation dose also plays an important role. With lower doses, the hair follicles may be less affected and only a slight reduction in density may appear. Some patients even complete their treatment without any visible hair loss. It is therefore incorrect to assume that radiotherapy invariably leads to significant hair loss.
Hair loss can also vary according to the individual characteristics of each patient. Hair structure, genetic factors, skin sensitivity, and previous treatments can all influence this process. In patients receiving chemotherapy at the same time, hair loss may be more pronounced, as chemotherapy acts on the body as a whole. Radiotherapy, being more localised in its effect, generally results in hair loss limited to certain areas. In some individuals, the hair simply becomes thinner, whilst in others complete loss may occur in the treated area. The most accurate information regarding this risk is provided by the radiation oncology specialist overseeing the patient's care.
Does Hair Grow Back After Radiotherapy?
Whether hair will grow back after radiotherapy is a question that many patients ask. In the majority of cases, hair loss is temporary and the hair begins to grow again after the treatment has ended. However, the time it takes for regrowth varies from one person to another. In some patients, new hair appears after a few months, whilst in others the process may take longer. The first hair to grow back may be finer, thinner, or have a different texture. Over time, the hair structure can gradually return to its usual appearance, although this often requires patience.
Hair regrowth depends directly on the radiation dose received. When high doses are applied, the hair follicles can be permanently damaged, resulting in lasting hair loss. However, in many patients, the follicles regenerate progressively and begin to produce hair again. After treatment, it is important to protect the scalp, to avoid excessive sun exposure, and to limit mechanical or chemical damage. Skincare products recommended by the doctor can also help to support the recovery of the scalp. Although regrowth can sometimes be slow, many patients notice a significant improvement in their hair density over time.